Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of study participants
Characteristics | Healthy controls (HC, n = 69) | Heart failure (HF, n = 166) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 51.7 (3.7) | 60.2 (9.2) | < 0.001 |
Sex, female, n (%) | 35 (51%) | 44 (27%) | < 0.001 |
BMI, m2/kg | 25.6 (3.3) | 28.3 (5.1) | < 0.001 |
Smoke, n (%): | < 0.001 | ||
Ex-smoker | 0 (0%) | 25 (16%) | |
Non-smoker | 61 (88%) | 82 (53%) | |
Etiology of heart failure, n (%): | |||
Ischemic | 80 (48%) | ||
Non-ischemic | 76 (46%) | ||
NYHA class, n (%): | |||
II | 106 (64%) | ||
III | 59 (36%) | ||
LVEF, (%) | 28.7 (7.1) | ||
Diabetes, n (%) | 38 (23%) | ||
Hypertension, n (%) | 46 (38%) |