Fig. 4

GBM-driven activation of Ho-Mg toward heterogeneous Mg-TAMs. A UMAP plot showing clusters of myeloid cells in PDOXs, GL261, and normal brain controls revealing nine distinct clusters (CL). CL0-6 represent microglia (Mg), CL7 peripheral monocyte-derived cells (Mo), CL8 border-associated macrophages (BAMs). B Proportions of cells assigned to nine clusters of myeloid cells in nude mouse normal brain (Nu-NB), PDOXs (9 models), C57BL6/N mouse normal brain (BL6-NB), GL261 tumor (3 collection time points: early, middle late). CL0-1: homeostatic Mg (Ho-Mg), CL2-6: Mg-derived tumor-associated macrophages (Mg-TAMs), CL7: Mo, CL8: BAMs. C Discriminative marker genes for each myeloid state (row z-scores of the expression levels). D Representative flow cytometry graphs and quantification of CD45^high and CCR2⁺ cells in CD45⁺CD11b⁺Ly6G⁻Ly6C⁻CD206⁻ Mg in PDOX P3, P8 and P13. For PDOXs P3 and P13 invasive zone and distant normal brain areas were also collected (n ≥ 3 mice/condition, mean ± SEM, one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s HSD correction, ****p < 0.0001, ***p < 0.001). E Relative transcription factor (TF) activity of regulons identified by SCENIC in myeloid clusters. Regulons with RSS < 0.05 are shown