|
Disease
|
Reference
|
K
|
λ
MZ
a
|
λ
Sib
b
|
λ
OP
|
|
d
|
e
|
f
|
g
|
|---|
|
Major depression (population cohort)
|
[27]
|
0.24
|
2
|
1.3
| |
0.32
| |
3.3
|
1.2
|
0.34
|
|
Age related macular degeneration
|
[28, 29]
|
0.12
|
4.7
|
2.1
| |
0.50
| |
3.4
|
1.1
|
0.64
|
|
Myocardial infarction
|
[30]
|
0.056
|
4.6
|
3.2
| |
0.21
| |
1.6
|
0.4
|
0.72
|
|
Breast cancer
|
[31]
|
0.036
|
4.1
|
2.2
|
1.9
|
0.12
|
1.3
|
2.6
|
0.8
|
0.37
|
|
Type II diabetes
|
[32]
|
0.028
|
10.4
|
3.5
| |
0.27
| |
3.8
|
0.8
|
0.58
|
|
Asthma
|
[33]
|
0.019
|
6.6
|
3.4
| |
0.11
| |
2.3
|
0.6
|
0.49
|
|
Rheumatoid arthritis
|
[34]
|
0.01
|
12.2
|
3.6
| |
0.11
| |
4.3
|
0.9
|
0.42
|
|
Bipolar disorder
|
[5]
|
0.01
|
60
|
7
|
7
|
0.60
|
1.0
|
10
|
1.2
|
0.70
|
|
Schizophrenia
|
[3]
|
0.0085
|
52.1
|
8.6
|
10
|
0.44
|
0.8
|
6.7
|
0.7
|
0.76
|
|
Type I diabetes
|
[35]
|
0.005
|
79
|
14
| |
0.39
| |
6.0
|
0.4
|
0.85
|
|
Multiple sclerosis
|
[36]
|
0.001
|
190
|
20
| |
0.19
|
~1
|
9.9
|
0.5
|
0.68
|
|
Crohn's disease
|
[37]
|
0.001
|
600
|
64
| |
0.60
| |
10
|
0.1
|
1.00
|
|
Ankylosis spondylitis
|
[6]
|
0.001
|
630
|
82
|
79
|
0.63
|
1.0
|
7.8
|
0.1
|
1.00
|
|
Systemic lupus erythematosus
|
[38]
|
0.001
| |
29
|
27
| |
1.1
| | |
0.80
|
| |
[39, 40]
|
0.0003
|
774
|
65
| |
0.24
| |
12
|
0.2
|
0.84
|
- aThe maximum prevalence for K
MZ
is 1, so λ
MZ
= K
MZ
/K is constrained to be ≤1/K. λ
MZ
was calculated from probandwise concordance rates K
MZ
and prevalence rates if λ
MZ
was not directly reported. bEstimated from either sibling, dizygotic twin or first degree relative risks. c
broad sense heritability on the risk scale (Equation 1). dThis ratio is expected to be 1 in the absence of dominance effects on the risk scale. eThis ratio is expected to be 2 under an additive model on the risk scale. fThis ratio is expected to be 1 under the unconstrained Risch model. gCalculated from the estimates of K and λ
Sib
[41, 42], constrained to a maximum of 1.
d
e
f
g
broad sense heritability on the risk scale (Equation 1). dThis ratio is expected to be 1 in the absence of dominance effects on the risk scale. eThis ratio is expected to be 2 under an additive model on the risk scale. fThis ratio is expected to be 1 under the unconstrained Risch model. gCalculated from the estimates of K and λ
Sib
[