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Table 1 MiRNAs involved in addiction

From: New insights into the roles of microRNAs in drug addiction and neuroplasticity

Drug

miRNAs involved

Mechanisms affected

References

Cocaine

miR-212

Decreases activity of CREB and TORC1, and controls expression of gene encoding BDNF via interaction with MeCP2

[4, 15]

 

miR-181a

Upregulated by cocaine; affects expression of genes encoding BDNF, DAT, CREB, Homer1 and Drd3

[10, 11]

 

let-7d

Downregulated by cocaine; targets semaphorins, BDNF, neuropilins and mGluR5

[10, 11]

 

miR-124

Downregulated by cocaine; targets Drd3, DAT and FosB

[10, 11]

 

miR-324-5p

Induced by Arg2 in Drd2 neurons; regulates cdk5r1, FosB and Mef2d

[5, 9]

 

miR-369-3p

Induced by Arg2 in Drd2 neurons; regulates cdk5r1, FosB and Mef2d

[5, 9]

Nicotine

miR-140

Induced by nicotine; regulates dynamin-1, regulates synaptic endocytosis

[12, 16]

 

miR-504

Upregulates gene encoding Drd1

[12, 16]

Opiates

miR-23b

Induces mOR

[19]

 

miR-190

Induced by mOR by upregulation of talin2

[13, 19]

 

miR-15b, miR-181b

Induced by morphine

[20, 21]

  

Induced by morphine

 
 

miR-133b

Decreased by morphine; this increases expression of gene encoding Pitx3 and induces TH and DAT

[6]

Antidepressants, alcohol and CYP3A4

miR-133b

Specifically expressed in dopaminergic neurons; downregulates expression of gene encoding Pitx3; Pitx3 induces production of TH and DAT and regulates maturation of midbrain dopaminergic neurons

[6, 21]

 

miR-16

Induced by SSRI in serotonergic neurons; reduces expression of gene encoding SERT

[23]

 

miR-9

Induced by alcohol; downregulates BK channels

[4]

 

miR-212

Induced by alcohol; decreases ZO-1, affects cell permeability

[22]

 

miR-27b

Downregulates CYP3A4

[17]

 

miR-298

Downregulates CYP3A4

[17, 24]

  1. Arg2, arginase, type II; cdk5r1, cyclin-dependent kinase 5, regulatory subunit 1; CREB, cAMP-responsive element binding protein; BDNF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor; CYP3A4, cytochrome P450 3A4; DAT, dopamine transporter; Drd1, dopamine receptor D1R; Drd2, dopamine receptor D2R; Drd3, dopamine receptor D3R; FosB, FBJ murine osteosarcoma viral oncogene homolog B; MeCP2, methyl CpG binding protein 2; Mef2 d, myocyte enhancer factor 2D; mGluR5, metabotropic glutamate receptor 5; SSRI, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor; TH, tyrosine hydroxylase; TORC1, transducer of regulated CREB activity 1; ZO-1, tight junction protein.
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Genome Medicine

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