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Table 2 Promising vaccine and antiviral drug development for the prevention and treatment of Ebolavirus

From: Tackling Ebola: new insights into prophylactic and therapeutic intervention strategies

Treatment

Efficacy

Prophylactic

Therapeutic

Status

References

Vaccines

     

DNA vaccines

Rodents and NHPs

Yes

Unknown

Phase I clinical trails

[57, 60]

Adenovirus

Rodents and NHPs

Yes

Unknown

Phase I clinical trails

[62, 63]

rVSV-EBOV

Rodents and NHPs

Yes

Yes

Experimental

[65–68]

HPIV3-EBOV

Rodents and NHPs

Yes

Unknown

Experimental

[70]

EBOV-VLPs

Rodents and NHPs

Yes

Unknown

Experimental

[71]

Replication-deficient ZEBOV

Rodents

Yes

Unknown

Experimental

[72]

Antivirals

     

rhAPC

Partial in NHPs

Unknown

Yes

Licensed*

[75]

rNAPc2

Partial in NHPs

Yes

Yes

Phase II clinical trials†

[76]

FGI-103, FGI-104 and FGI-106

Rodents

Yes

Yes‡

Experimental

[81–83]

Antisense oligonucleotides

Rodents and NHPs

Yes

Yes

Experimental

[85–88]

  1. *Licensed for the treatment of sepsis-induced coagulation disorders. †The antithrombotic potential of rNAPc2 in orthopedic surgery and coronary revascularization was tested. ‡Only FGI-106 was tested therapeutically. Abbreviations: HPIV3, human parainfluenza virus type 3; NHP, non-human primate; rhAPC, recombinant human activated protein C; rNAPc2, nematode anticoagulant protein c2; rVSV, recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus; VLP, virus-like particle.