|
Characteristic
|
Controls
|
Unaffected co-twins
|
Patients
|
P(F-test)
|
|---|
|
N
|
34
|
19
|
19
| |
|
Monozygotic
|
20 (10 pairs)
|
7
|
7
| |
|
Female
|
24
|
13
|
13
| |
|
Age (years)a
|
53.4 (50.2, 56.6)
|
51.0 (46.4, 55.6)
|
51.0 (46.4, 55.6)
| |
|
Diabetes
|
0
|
1
|
7
| |
|
Antipsychotic medication (atypical antipsychotics)b
|
0
|
0
|
15 (14)
| |
|
Cholesterol medication
|
2
|
0
|
6
| |
|
BMI
|
25.4 (23.8, 27.0)**
|
25.7 (24.0, 27.5)**
|
29.2 (26.5, 31.9)
|
0.020
|
|
Insulinc
|
7.7 (5.9, 9.9)
|
8.9 (6.9, 11.6)*
|
14.1 (9.1, 21.7)
|
0.085
|
|
Glucosec
|
5.07 (4.78, 5.38)
|
5.30 (4.54, 6.19)
|
5.76 (4.87, 6.80)
|
0.40
|
|
HOMA-IRc
|
1.72 (1.30, 2.29)
|
2.11 (1.52, 2.93)**
|
3.61 (2.22, 5.86)
|
0.062
|
- aData for this and other variables are shown as mean (95% confidence interval). bAccording to self-report. cGeometric means and confidence intervals; statistics estimated from log10-transformed data. *P < 0.1, **P < 0.05 (post-hoc analysis using Tukey all-pair comparisons versus the patient group; no comparisons were significant between the controls and unaffected co-twins). BMI, body mass index; HOMA-IR, Homeostasis Model Assessment index.
