Table 1 Metabolites significantly changed in urine of healthy volunteers treated with prednisolone for one day.

Lipid metabolism

L-carnitine

HMDB00062

1.4

1.9

2.2

9.0***

8.4***

Propionylcarnitine

HMDB00824

1.4

3.0

2.9**

5.2***

5***

L-acetylcarnitine

HMDB00201

1.5

2.4

2.8**

7.1***

5.9***

Myoinositol

HMDB00211

0.9

1.1

1.6

3.2***

4.5***

Proteinogenic amino acids

L-lysine

HMDB00182

0.8

1.0

1.6

2.1***

2.1***

L-alanine

HMDB00161

1.1

1.1

1.3*

1.6***

1.9***

L-histidine

HMDB00177

1.0

1.1

1.5

2.4***

1.9**

L-methionine

HMDB00696

1.1

1.3

1.2

1.6***

1.8***

L-threonine

HMDB00167

1.0

1.0

1.2

1.6***

1.8**

L-proline

HMDB00162

1.0

1.2

1.2

1.7***

1.7**

L-serine

HMDB00187

1.0

1.1

1.2

1.5***

1.7**

L-leucine

HMDB00687

1.0

1.2

1.0

1.4***

1.6*

L-valine

HMDB00883

1.0

1.1

1.1

1.4***

1.5***

L-phenylalanine

HMDB00159

1.0

1.2

1.1

1.3***

1.4***

Glycine

HMDB00123

1.0

1.0

1.2

1.4**

1.4**

L-asparagine

HMDB00168

0.8

0.9

1.0

1.2***

1.5

L-isoleucine

HMDB00172

1.1

1.1

1.0

1.6**

1.4

Other amino acids

4-guanidinobutanoate

HMDB03464

1.2

1.4

1.8

2.8***

4.0***

Beta-alanine

HMDB0056

1.0

1.4*

1.7*

2.2***

2.8*

Pyroglutamine

NA

1.3

1.4

1.4

1.9**

1.9*

L-kynurenine

HMDB00684

1.1

1.1

1.6

1.4**

1.3*

Carbohydrate metabolism

D-glucose

HMDB00122

1.2

1.4

1.5

8.9***

16.7*

3-hydroxybutyrate

HMDB00023

1.0

1.3

1.4*

2.0***

2.8**

Steroids

Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate

HMDB01032

1.3

0.8

0.8*

0.8*

0.4**

Energy metabolism

Phosphate

HMDB01429

1.2

1.3

0.9**

0.9**

0.9

Nucleotide metabolism

Nicotinic acid mononucleotide

HMDB01132

1.2

1.4

1.5**

1.3

1.4**

Nicotinamide

HMDB01406

1.5

1.5

1.0**

1.0**

1.4

1-methylguanosine

HMDB01563

1.0

1.2*

1.1

1.0

1.0

Vitamins and cofactors

Pantothenate

HMDB00210

1.1

1.3

1.3*

1.3**

1.4***

L-dehydroascorbate

HMDB01264

1.1

1.2

1.1

1.2**

1.2

Xenobiotics

Mandelic acid

HMDB00703

1.0

0.9

1.1

1.4**

0.9