From: DNA methylation in schizophrenia: progress and challenges of epigenetic studies
Chromosomal location | Candidate gene | Encoded protein | Major function | Reference(s) |
---|---|---|---|---|
22q11 | COMT | Catechol-O-methyltransferase | Monoamine metabolism | |
6p22 | DTNBP1 | Dystrobrevin binding protein 1 | Organelle biogenesis | |
8p12 | NRG1 | Neuregulin 1 | Signal transduction in cell-cell interactions | |
1q23.3 | RGS4 | Regulator of G protein signaling 4 | Regulation of G proteins | |
7q21.1 | GRM3 | Metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 | Excitatory glutamatargic neurotransmission | [15] |
13q34 | G72 | D-Amino acid oxidase activator | Degradation of D-serine, involved in NMDA-type neurotransmission | |
8p21.3 | PPP3CC | Catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 3 | Regulation of dopaminergic signal transduction | |
15q14 | CHRNA7 | Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor | Cholinergic synaptic transmission | [16] |
22q11.21 | PRODH | Proline dehydrogenase (oxidase) 1 | Proline degradation | |
6p21.3-22.1 | MHC region | MHC proteins | Crucial parts in immune system | |
2q32.1 | ZNF804A | Zinc finger protein 804A | Not fully characterized | |
18q21.2 | TCF4 | Transcription factor 4 | Involved in nervous system development | |
11q24.2 | NRGN | Neurogranin | Postsynaptic protein kinase pathway | [23] |
1p21.3 | MIR137 | MicroRNA 137 | Not fully characterized | [21] |
Copy number or structural variants | ||||
Chromosomal location | Representative genes in the region | Reference(s) | ||
1q21.1 | CHD1L, GPR89B, BCL9, PRKAB2 and others | |||
15q11.2 | CYFIP1, TUBGCP5, NIPA1, NIPA2 | [24] | ||
15q13.3 | CHRNA7, KLF13, OTUD7A, TRPM1 and others | |||
16p11.2 | KCTD13, MAPK3, TAOK2, CDIPT and others | [29] | ||
22q11.2 | COMT, PRODH, SLC25A1, CLDN5, TBX1 and others |