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Table 1 Characteristics of CHD cases and controls and stroke cases and controls from the WHI postmenopausal HT trials of estrogen plus progestin (E + P) and estrogen-alone (E-alone): Mean ± SE for continuous baseline covariates, N (%) for categorical baseline covariates

From: Proteomic risk markers for coronary heart disease and stroke: validation and mediation of randomized trial hormone therapy effects on these diseases

CHD
  E + P E-alone
  Cases Controls P valuea Cases Controls P valuea
N 206 202   152 150  
Ageb (years) 66.61 (7.55) 66.49 (7.44) 0.87 67.55 (6.01) 67.58 (6.03) 0.96
BMI (kg/m2) 28.81 (5.61) 27.57 (5.38) 0.02 30.21 (5.71) 29.49 (5.86) 0.28
Systolic BP (mmHg) 135.04 (18.62) 130.32 (17.85) 0.01 138.48 (18.50) 129.75 (17.77) <.0001
Diastolic BP (mmHg) 77.04 (10.26) 75.39 (8.83) 0.08 76.29 (10.81) 74.56 (8.81) 0.13
Race (%)    0.77    0.66
White 185 (91.6) 180 (89.6)   117 (78.0) 118 (79.2)  
Black 11 (5.4) 13 (6.5)   26 (17.3) 27 (18.1)  
Other 3 (3.0) 8 (4.0)   7 (4.7) 4 (2.7)  
Smoking (%)    0.001    0.11
Never 92 (46.0) 114 (57.0)   70 (46.7) 79 (53.4)  
Past 68 (34.0) 72 (36.0)   55 (36.7) 56 (37.8)  
Current 40 (20.0) 14 (7.0)   25 (16.7) 13 (8.8)  
History of CHDb (%)    1    1
Yes 19 (9.2) 19 (9.4)   21 (13.8) 21 (14.0)  
No 187 (90.8) 183 (90.6)   131 (86.2) 129 (86.0)  
Treated diabetes (%)    0.04    0.0003
Yes 29 (14.1) 15 (7.4)   39 (25.7) 14 (9.3)  
No 177 (85.9) 187 (92.6)   113 (74.3) 136 (90.7)  
Prior use of HT (%)    0.04    0.13
Never 152 (73.8) 152 (75.2)   96 (63.2) 97 (64.7)  
Past 48 (23.3) 39 (19.3)   48 (31.6) 37 (24.7)  
Current 6 (2.9) 11 (5.4)   8 (5.3) 16 (10.7)  
Stroke
  E + P E-alone
  Cases Controls P value a Cases Controls P value a
N 182 176   180 170  
Ageb (years) 67.90 (6.61) 67.86 (6.61) 0.96 67.56 (6.34) 67.43 (6.49) 0.85
BMI (kg/m2) 28.04 (4.94) 27.81 (6.26) 0.70 29.66 (5.42) 28.55 (5.39) 0.06
Systolic BP (mmHg) 137.82 (19.79) 128.24 (15.20) <.0001 139.93 (19.34) 132.87 (17.51) 0.0004
Diastolic BP (mmHg) 76.73 (10.43) 73.93 (9.35) 0.008 77.99 (9.29) 76.45 (9.21) 0.12
Race (%)    0.68    0.98
White 156 (87.6) 156 (90.2)   134 (74.4) 126 (75.4)  
Black 14 (7.9) 12 (6.9)   30 (16.7) 27 (16.2)  
Other 8 (4.5) 5 (2.9)   16 (8.9) 14 (8.4)  
Smoking (%)    0.002    0.98
Never 77 (42.5) 102 (59.3)   92 (52.9) 60 (53.9)  
Past 74 (40.9) 58 (33.7)   68 (39.1) 64 (38.3)  
Current 30 (16.6) 12 (7.0)   14 (8.0) 13 (7.8)  
History of strokeb (%)    1    1
Yes 5 (2.7) 4 (2.3)   9 (5.0) 9 (5.3)  
No 177 (97.3) 172 (97.7)   171 (95.0) 161 (94.7)  
Treated diabetes (%)    0.005    0.05
Yes 20 (11.0) 5 (2.8)   28 (15.6) 14 (8.2)  
No 162 (89.0) 171 (97.2)   152 (84.4) 156 (91.8)  
Prior use of HT (%)    0.50    0.40
Never 135 (74.2) 129 (73.3)   92 (51.1) 87 (51.2)  
Past 42 (23.1) 38 (21.6)   75 (41.7) 64 (37.6)  
Current 5 (2.7) 9 (5.1)   13 (7.2) 19 (11.2)  
  1. aP value from chi-square test.
  2. bCase-control matching variables.
  3. BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure.
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