Table 1 Characteristics of CHD cases and controls and stroke cases and controls from the WHI postmenopausal HT trials of estrogen plus progestin (E + P) and estrogen-alone (E-alone): Mean ± SE for continuous baseline covariates, N (%) for categorical baseline covariates

N

206

202

152

150

Age^b (years)

66.61 (7.55)

66.49 (7.44)

0.87

67.55 (6.01)

67.58 (6.03)

0.96

BMI (kg/m²)

28.81 (5.61)

27.57 (5.38)

0.02

30.21 (5.71)

29.49 (5.86)

0.28

Systolic BP (mmHg)

135.04 (18.62)

130.32 (17.85)

0.01

138.48 (18.50)

129.75 (17.77)

<.0001

Diastolic BP (mmHg)

77.04 (10.26)

75.39 (8.83)

0.08

76.29 (10.81)

74.56 (8.81)

0.13

Race (%)

0.77

0.66

White

185 (91.6)

180 (89.6)

117 (78.0)

118 (79.2)

Black

11 (5.4)

13 (6.5)

26 (17.3)

27 (18.1)

Other

3 (3.0)

8 (4.0)

7 (4.7)

4 (2.7)

Smoking (%)

0.001

0.11

Never

92 (46.0)

114 (57.0)

70 (46.7)

79 (53.4)

Past

68 (34.0)

72 (36.0)

55 (36.7)

56 (37.8)

Current

40 (20.0)

14 (7.0)

25 (16.7)

13 (8.8)

History of CHD^b (%)

1

1

Yes

19 (9.2)

19 (9.4)

21 (13.8)

21 (14.0)

No

187 (90.8)

183 (90.6)

131 (86.2)

129 (86.0)

Treated diabetes (%)

0.04

0.0003

Yes

29 (14.1)

15 (7.4)

39 (25.7)

14 (9.3)

No

177 (85.9)

187 (92.6)

113 (74.3)

136 (90.7)

Prior use of HT (%)

0.04

0.13

Never

152 (73.8)

152 (75.2)

96 (63.2)

97 (64.7)

Past

48 (23.3)

39 (19.3)

48 (31.6)

37 (24.7)

Current

6 (2.9)

11 (5.4)

8 (5.3)

16 (10.7)

Stroke

E + P

E-alone

Cases

Controls

P value ^a

Cases

Controls

P value ^a

N

182

176

180

170

Age^b (years)

67.90 (6.61)

67.86 (6.61)

0.96

67.56 (6.34)

67.43 (6.49)

0.85

BMI (kg/m²)

28.04 (4.94)

27.81 (6.26)

0.70

29.66 (5.42)

28.55 (5.39)

0.06

Systolic BP (mmHg)

137.82 (19.79)

128.24 (15.20)

<.0001

139.93 (19.34)

132.87 (17.51)

0.0004

Diastolic BP (mmHg)

76.73 (10.43)

73.93 (9.35)

0.008

77.99 (9.29)

76.45 (9.21)

0.12

Race (%)

0.68

0.98

White

156 (87.6)

156 (90.2)

134 (74.4)

126 (75.4)

Black

14 (7.9)

12 (6.9)

30 (16.7)

27 (16.2)

Other

8 (4.5)

5 (2.9)

16 (8.9)

14 (8.4)

Smoking (%)

0.002

0.98

Never

77 (42.5)

102 (59.3)

92 (52.9)

60 (53.9)

Past

74 (40.9)

58 (33.7)

68 (39.1)

64 (38.3)

Current

30 (16.6)

12 (7.0)

14 (8.0)

13 (7.8)

History of stroke^b (%)

1

1

Yes

5 (2.7)

4 (2.3)

9 (5.0)

9 (5.3)

No

177 (97.3)

172 (97.7)

171 (95.0)

161 (94.7)

Treated diabetes (%)

0.005

0.05

Yes

20 (11.0)

5 (2.8)

28 (15.6)

14 (8.2)

No

162 (89.0)

171 (97.2)

152 (84.4)

156 (91.8)

Prior use of HT (%)

0.50

0.40

Never

135 (74.2)

129 (73.3)

92 (51.1)

87 (51.2)

Past

42 (23.1)

38 (21.6)

75 (41.7)

64 (37.6)

Current

5 (2.7)

9 (5.1)

13 (7.2)

19 (11.2)