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Table 1 Students’ interest in analyzing their own genomes in an educational setting

From: Informed decision-making among students analyzing their personal genomes on a whole genome sequencing course: a longitudinal cohort study

N = 19

Response options

T1

T2

T3

Significancec

Interest/decision

N (%)

N ( %)

N ( %)

T1 to T2 a

T1 to T3 a

T2 to T3 a

Would you want to analyze your own genome as part of an advanced WGS course?

No, definitely not

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

z = −1.41, P = 0.16, r = −0.32

z = −2.46, P = 0.014, r = −0.56

z = −2.24, P = 0.025, r = −0.51

No, probably not

2 (10.5%)

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

Don’t know/It depends

0 (0%)

2 (10.5%)

0 (0%)

Yes, probably

10 (52.6%)

7 (36.8%)

6 (31.6%)

Yes, definitely

7 (36.8%)

10 (52.6%)

13 (68.4%)

Median

Yes, probably

Yes, definitely

Yes, definitely

At this point, which of the following options would you prefer? Please check one.

Option 1: I would like to analyze my own genome as part of an advanced WGS course.

17 (89.5%)

18 (94.7%)

18 (94.7%)

z = −1.41, P = 0.16, r = −0.32

z = −0.58, P = 0.56, r = −0.13

z = −1.00, P = 0.32, r = −0.23

Option 2: I would not like to analyze my own genome as part of an advanced WGS course, and would rather analyze an anonymous donated genome.

2 (10.5%)

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

[Participant did not check either option]

0 (0%)

1 (5.3%)

1 (5.3%)

Decisional conflict: individual items (agree/strongly agree)

N ( %)

N ( %)

N ( %)

T1 to T2 a

T1 to T3 a

T2 to T3 a

I know which options are available to me.

17 (89.5%)

19 (100%)

18 (94.7%)

z = −1.90, P = 0.058, r = −0.44

z = −2.45, P = 0.014, r = −0.56

z = 0.00, P = 0.99, r = 0.00

Median

Agree

Strongly agree

Strongly agree

I know the benefits of each option.

13 (68.4%)

18 (94.7%)

18 (94.7%)

z = −2.57, P = 0.010, r = −0.59

z = −3.00, P = 0.003, r = −0.69

z = −2.00, P = 0.046, r = −0.46

Median

Agree

Agree

Strongly agree

I know the risks of each option.

9 (47.4%)

17 (89.5%)

18 (94.7%)

z = −2.86, P = 0.004, r = −0.66

z = −3.41, P = 0.001, r = −0.78

z = −1.34, P = 0.18, r = 0.31

Median

Neither

Agree

Agree

I am clear about which benefits matter most to me.

10 (55.6%)

16 (84.2%)

18 (94.7%)

z = −2.51, P = 0.012, r = −0.58

z = −2.80, P = 0.005, r = −0.64

z = −0.38, P = 0.71, r = −0.08

Median

Agree

Agree

Agree

I am clear about which risks matter most.

9 (47.4%)

16 (84.2%)

17 (89.5%)

z = −2.41, P = 0.016, r = −0.55

z = −2.38, P = 0.017, r = −0.55

z = −0.07, P = 0.94, r = −0.02

Median

Neither

Agree

Agree

I am clear about which is more important to me (the benefits or the risks).

11 (57.9%)

16 (84.2%)

17 (89.5%)

z = −1.51, P = 0.13, r = −0.35

z = −2.23, P = 0.026, r = −0.53

z = −1.67, P = 0.096, r = 0.38

Median

Agree

Agree

Agree

I have enough support from others to make a choice.

10 (52.6%)

18 (94.7%)

15 (78.9%)

z = −2.88, P = 0.004, r = −0.66

z = −2.12, P = 0.034, r = −0.49

z = −0.92, P = 0.36, r = −0.21

Median

Agree

Agree

Agree

I am choosing without pressure from others.

18 (94.7%)

17 (89.5%)

17 (89.5%)

z = −0.63, P = 0.53, r = −0.14

z = −0.82, P = 0.41, r = 2.25

z = 0.00, P = 0.99, r = 0.00

Median

Agree

Strongly agree

Strongly agree

I have enough advice to make a choice.

10 (52.6%)

14 (73.7%)

17 (89.5%)

z = −2.44, P = 0.015, r = −0.56

z = −3.09, P = 0.002, r = −0.71

z = −1.73, P = 0.083, r = −0.40

Median

Agree

Agree

Agree

I feel sure about what to choose.

11 (57.9%)

13 (68.4%)

15 (78.9%)

z = −1.21, P = 0.23, r = −0.28

z = −1.96, P = 0.051, r = 0.45

z = −1.16, P = 0.25, r = −0.27

Median

Agree

Agree

Agree

This decision is easy for me to make.

8 (42.1%)

12 (63.2%)

13 (68.4%)

z = −1.73, P = 0.083, r = −0.40

z = −2.51, P = 0.012, r = 4.36

z = −1.40, P = 0.16, r = −0.32

Median

Neither

Agree

Agree

I feel I have made an informed choice.

9 (47.4%)

16 (84.2%)

19 (100%)

z = −2.88, P = 0.004, r = −0.66

z = −2.97, P = 0.003, r = −0.68

z = −1.13, P = 0.26, r = −0.26

Median

Neither

Agree

Agree

My decision shows what is important to me.

12 (63.2%)

18 (94.7%)

15 (78.9%)

z = −2.39, P = 0.017, r = −0.55

z = −2.33, P = 0.020, r = 4.36

z = −0.38, P = 0.71, r = 0.08

Median

Agree

Agree

Agree

I expect to stick with my decision.

14 (73.7%)

15 (78.9%)

17 (89.5%)

z = −0.92, P = 0.36, r = −0.21

z = −2.17, P = 0.030, r = 0.50

z = −1.13, P = 0.26, r = −0.26

Median

Agree

Agree

Strongly agree

I am satisfied with my decision.

12 (63.2%)

15 (78.9%)

17 (89.5%)

z = −2.65, P = 0.008, r = −0.61

z = −2.71, P = 0.007, r = 0.62

z = −1.00, P = 0.32, r = −0.23

Median

Agree

Agree

Agree

Decisional conflict: overall scale and subscales

Mean (SD), range

Mean (SD), range

Mean (SD), range

T1 to T2 b

T1 to T3 b

T2 to T3 b

Overall decisional conflict scale

33.88 (18.18), 0.00 to 70.31

19.82 (14.24), 0.00 to 46.88

16.61 (14.55), 0.00 to 43.75

t (18) = 3.99, P = 0.001, r = 0.69

t (18) = 4.83, P < 0.001, r = 0.75

t(18) = 1.72, P = 0.10, r = 0.38

Subscales:

      

Informed subscale

31.14 (21.31), 0.00 to 75.00

15.35 (12.19), 0.00 to 41.67

12.28 (13.99), 0.00 to 50.00

t (18) = 3.66, P = 0.002, r = 0.65

t (18) = 4.88, P < 0.001, r = 0.75

t(18) = 1.79, P = 0.090, r = 0.39

Effective decision-making (satisfaction) subscale

31.58 (19.82), 0.00 to 68.75

19.08 (15.23), 0.00 to 50.00

16.12 (15.63), 0.00 to 43.75

t (18) = 3.78, P = 0.001, r = 0.67

t (18) = 4.00, P = 0.001, r = 0.69

t(18) = 1.18, P = 0.25, r = 0.27

Support subscale

31.13 (17.97), 0.00 to 66.67

16.67 (14.43), 0.00 to 50.00

15.79 (17.10), 0.00 to 50.00

t (18) = 3.43, P = 0.003, r = 0.63

t (18) = 3.36, P = 0.003, r = 0.62

t(18) = 0.36, P = 0.73, r = 0.08

Values clarity subscale

35.09 (24.78), 0.00 to 75.00

20.18 (15.79), 0.00 to 50.00

17.11 (15.08), 0.00 to 50.00

t (18) = 2.79, P = 0.012, r = 0.55

t (18) = 3.23, P = 0.005, r = 0.61

t(18) = 0.94, P = 0.36, r = 0.22

Uncertainty subscale

40.79 (28.21), 0.00 to 75.00

32.24 (29.85), 0.00 to 100.00

25.00 (23.57), 0.00 to 75.00

t(18) = 1.95, P = 0.067, r = 0.42

t (18) = 3.13, P = 0.006, r = 0.59

t(18) = 1.57, P = 0.13, r = 0.35

  1. aDifferences assessed using Wilcoxon signed-rank test.
  2. bDifferences assessed using paired samples t-tests.
  3. cBold text in the Significance column highlights results that were significant at the P < 0.05 level.