Table 1 List of CRISPR-generated animal models useful for the study of oncology and disease
From: Precision cancer mouse models through genome editing with CRISPR-Cas9
| Â | Animal | Vehicle for delivery | Target tissue | Delivery | Genes targeted | Utility | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Germline | Mouse | mRNA, sgRNA and donor DNA | Embryo | One-cell embryo injection | Nanog, Sox2, Oct4 | Generation of reporter genes | [18] |
Mouse | mRNA, sgRNA and donor DNA | Embryo | One-cell embryo injection | Mecp2 Cre-LoxP conditional mutant | Rett syndrome | [18] | |
Mouse | mRNA and sgRNA | Embryo | One-cell embryo injection | Tet1 and Tet2 and others | Epistatic gene interactions | [17] | |
Rat | mRNA and sgRNA | Embryo | One-cell embryo injection | * | ** | [29] | |
Cynomolgus monkey | mRNA and sgRNA | Embryo | One-cell embryo injection | Pparg and Rag1 | ** | [30] | |
Mouse | Plasmid DNA | ES cell | Dox-inducible Cas9 alleles | p53, Apc, Pten | Colon cancer | [36] | |
Somatic | Mouse | Plasmid DNA | Liver | Hydrodynamic injection | Pten, p53 and β-catenin | Hepatocellular cancer | [25] |
Mouse | Adenovirus | Liver | Intravenous injection | Pcsk9 | Cardiovascular disease | [32] | |
Mouse | Adenovirus | Liver | Intravenous injection | Cebpa | Liver function | [33] | |
Mouse | AAV | Brain | Stereotactic delivery | Mecp2 | Rett syndrome | [34] | |
Mouse | AAV | Brain | Stereotactic delivery | Dnmt1, Dnmt3a and Dnmt3b | Learning/memory | [34] | |
Mouse | AAV | Brain | Stereotactic injection | NeuN (Rbfox3) | ** | [35] | |
Mouse | sgRNA in nanoparticle | Pulmonary/cardiovascular | Intravenous injection | Icam2 | ** | [35] | |
Mouse | AAV, AAV donor template | Lung | Intranasal/intratrachael delivery | p53 and Lkb1, Kras | Non-small-cell lung cancer | [35] | |
Mouse | Lentivirus | Lung | Intratracheal delivery | Nkx2.1, Pten, Apc | Non-small-cell lung cancer | [24] | |
Mouse | Adenovirus Lentivirus | Lung | Intratracheal delivery | Eml4-Alk | Non-small cell lung cancer | ||
Lymphoma | Mouse | Lentivirus | HSPCs ex vivo | Intravenous injection of Cas9-edited human HSPCs | TET2, DNMT3A, RUNX1, NF1, EZH2 | AML | [41] |
Mouse | DNA electroporation | Fetal-liver HSCs ex vivo | Intravenous injection of Cas9-edited HSCs | Mll3 | AML | [43] | |
Mouse | Lentivirus | Fetal-liver HSCs ex vivo | Intravenous injection of Cas9-edited HSCs | Mcl-1, p53 | Dox-inducible Burkitt lymphoma model | [44] | |
Mouse | Retrovirus | Lymphoma cells ex vivo | Intravenous injection of Cas9-edited mouse Arf −/− ; Eμ-myc cells | p53 | Role of p53 in chemotherapy resistance | [42] |