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Fig. 3 | Genome Medicine

Fig. 3

From: Antibiotic perturbation of the murine gut microbiome enhances the adiposity, insulin resistance, and liver disease associated with high-fat diet

Fig. 3

STAT disrupts glucose homeostasis, promoting insulin resistance. For glucose and insulin tolerance testing of 30-week-old male and female mice, six mice from each group were challenged with 5 g/kg dextrose (IPGTT), or with 0.5 U/kg human insulin (IPITT) by intraperitoneal injection. Blood glucose was measured by glucometer at 0, 15, 30, 60, and 120 min post-injection. p values reflect differences in rates of change comparing STAT and control. a, b Glucose tolerance. c, d Insulin resistance. e HOMA-IR was computed as ((Glucose mg/dL) × (Insulin mU/L)/405), as described [1] with values measured at fasting (time 0). p values determined by Kruskal–Wallis test (*p <0.05). f Observed mice with elevated HOMA-IR (>13.2). p values calculated by Fisher’s exact test (*p <0.05). Serum was collected at 32 weeks for analysis by MILLIPLEX® MAP Magnetic Bead Panel. g Insulin, h C-peptide, i leptin, and j ghrelin. Each point is the mean of duplicate tests. Data in a, b, c, and d are reported as mean ± SEM. p values determined by Kruskal–Wallis test (in all panels: *p <0.05; **p <0.01; ***p <0.001)

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