Fig. 1

HBsAg-specific B-cell response kinetics determined by ELISpot and expressed as the number of antibody-secreting cells (ASC) per 10⁶ peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) used in each assay. PBMCs are used ex vivo to detect PCs and are cultured to detect memory cells. Shown are the mean values ± standard error of the mean (SEM) for all nine participants. Detailed plots for each participant are shown in Additional file 1: Figure S2