Fig. 3

Transcriptome correlates of clinical response to ramucirumab. a Volcano plot representation of differentially expressed gene analysis between ramucirumab responders (patients who obtained partial response) and non-responders (patients who achieved stable or progressive disease). Genes with > 0.5 log₂ fold change and < 0.05 P value are colored in red, and those with < − 0.5 log₂ fold change and < 0.05 P value are colored in blue. b Gene Ontology (GO) analysis of differentially expressed genes from a. c Violin plot representations of the pathway enrichment scores via single-sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA). Horizontal lines within the violin plots represent 0.25, 0.50, and 0.75 quantiles. P values are calculated using two-sided Wilcoxon’s rank-sum test. d Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) between ramucirumab-sensitive and resistance patients