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Table 2 gSOS is associated with fracture in addition to FRAX-CRF and FRAX-BMD. Odds ratios associated with risk predictors of interest were based on logistic regression

From: Improved prediction of fracture risk leveraging a genome-wide polygenic risk score

Cohort

UK Biobank test dataset (N = 4717)*

MrOS US (N = 4663)

MrOS Sweden (N = 1880)

SOF (N = 3615)

Model

Odds ratio (95% CI)

    

Major osteoporotic fracture

 Fracture ~ FRAX-CRF

FRAX-CRF§

1.15 (1.10–1.20)

1.06 (1.04–1.08)

1.04 (1.02–1.06)

1.04 (1.03–1.05)

 Fracture ~ FRAX-CRF + gSOS

FRAX-CRF

1.14 (1.09–1.19)

1.06 (1.04–1.08)

1.04 (1.02–1.06)

1.04 (1.03–1.05)

gSOS

1.41 (1.18–1.69)

1.36 (1.24–1.49)

1.39 (1.23–1.58)

1.30 (1.19–1.42)

 Likelihood ratio test p value

 

1.4 × 10−4

3.1 × 10−11

6.9 × 10−8

2.5 × 10−9

 Fracture ~ age + sex + BMD

BMD¶

1.66 (1.35–2.05)

1.79 (1.64–1.97)

1.86 (1.62–2.15)

2.02 (1.80–2.27)

 Fracture ~ age + sex + BMD + gSOS

BMD

1.53 (1.24–1.90)

1.72 (1.56–1.89)

1.79 (1.55–2.07)

1.93 (1.72–2.17)

gSOS

1.33 (1.11–1.59)

1.22 (1.11–1.34)

1.29 (1.14–1.47)

1.22 (1.11–1.33)

 Likelihood ratio test p value

 

2.4 × 10−3

3.4 × 10−5

6.0 × 10−5

2.1 × 10−5

 Fracture ~ FRAX-BMD

FRAX-BMD§

1.17 (1.12–1.22)

1.10 (1.08–1.12)

1.07 (1.05–1.08)

1.06 (1.05–1.07)

 Fracture ~ FRAX-BMD + gSOS

FRAX-BMD

1.16 (1.11–1.21)

1.09 (1.08–1.11)

1.06 (1.04–1.08)

1.06 (1.05–1.07)

gSOS

1.34 (1.12–1.60)

1.28 (1.17–1.40)

1.33 (1.18–1.51)

1.22 (1.12–1.34)

 Likelihood ratio test p value

 

1.5 × 10−3

1.5 × 10−7

4.5 × 10−6

1.1 × 10−5

Hip fracture

 Fracture ~ FRAX-CRF

FRAX-CRF

 

1.06 (1.04–1.09)

1.02 (0.98–1.05)

1.05 (1.04–1.06)

 Fracture ~ FRAX-CRF + gSOS

FRAX-CRF

 

1.06 (1.04–1.09)

1.02 (0.98–1.05)

1.05 (1.04–1.06)

gSOS

 

1.36 (1.20–1.54)

1.25 (1.04–1.50)

1.31 (1.19–1.44)

 Likelihood ratio test p value

  

1.1 × 10−6

1.6 × 10−2

4.2 × 10−8

 Fracture ~ age + sex + BMD

BMD

 

2.08 (1.83–2.38)

2.45 (1.96–3.08)

2.04 (1.80–2.32)

 Fracture ~ age + sex + BMD + gSOS

BMD

 

2.01 (1.76–2.31)

2.41 (1.92–3.04)

1.95 (1.72–2.22)

gSOS

 

1.17 (1.03–1.33)

1.11 (0.92–1.34)

1.20 (1.08–1.32)

 Likelihood ratio test p value

  

1.7 × 10−2

2.7 × 10−1

3.7 × 10−4

 Fracture ~ FRAX-BMD

FRAX-BMD

 

1.10 (1.08–1.13)

1.06 (1.04–1.09)

1.07 (1.05–1.08)

 Fracture ~ FRAX-BMD + gSOS

FRAX-BMD

 

1.10 (1.07–1.12)

1.06 (1.04–1.09)

1.06 (1.05–1.08)

gSOS

 

1.31 (1.15–1.48)

1.20 (1.00–1.44)

1.25 (1.13–1.37)

 Likelihood ratio test p value

  

3.0 × 10−5

5.3 × 10−2

1.1 × 10−5

  1. *Only 4717 individuals in the UK Biobank had measured femoral neck BMD and were included; 125 individuals experienced incident major osteoporotic fracture; only one individual experienced incident hip fracture; thus, model comparison was not conducted
  2. §Based on one unit (percent of 10-year fracture probability) increase in FRAX-CRF or FRAX-BMD
  3. ¶Based on one standard deviation decrease in measured femoral neck BMD