Table 1 Patient characteristics
| Â | Analysis 1 | Analysis 2 | Analysis 3 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pre-treatment, n = 103 | Control, n = 39 | p value | Pre-treatment, n = 103 | Post-treatment, n = 103 | p value | Post-treatment, n = 103 | Control, n = 39 | p value | |
Age, years | Â | Â | 0.0573 | Â | Â | 0.4131 | Â | Â | 0.0130 |
 Mean (SD, range) | 31.9 (5.2, 25–45) | 30.1 (4.4, 20–43) |  | 31.9 (5.2, 25–45) | 32.5 (5.3, 25–46) |  | 32.5 (5.3, 25–46) | 30.1 (4.4, 20–43) |  |
Ethnicity, n/N (%) |  |  | 0.0659 |  |  | > 0.9999 |  |  | 0.0659 |
 Caucasian | 87/103 (85) | 30/39 (77) |  | 87/103 (85) | 87/103 (85) |  | 87/103 (85) | 30/39 (77) |  |
 Asian | 10/103 (10) | 2/39 (5) |  | 10/103 (10) | 10/103 (10) |  | 10/103 (10) | 2/39 (5) |  |
 Black | 6/103 (5) | 7/39 (18) |  | 6/103 (5) | 6/103 (5) |  | 6/103 (5) | 7/39 (18) |  |
Parity, n/N (%) |  |  | 0.5329 |  |  | > 0.9999 |  |  | 0.5329 |
 Nulliparous | 73/103 (71) | 30/39 (76) |  | 73/103 (71) | 73/103 (71) |  | 73/103 (71) | 30/39 (76) |  |
 Parous | 30/103 (29) | 9/39 (24) |  | 30/103 (29) | 30/103 (29) |  | 30/103 (29) | 9/39 (24) |  |
Smoking status, n/N (%) |  |  | 0.1909 |  |  | > 0.9999 |  |  | 0.2647 |
 Current smoker | 27/103 (26) | 6/39 (15) |  | 27/103 (26) | 26/103 (25) |  | 26/103 (25) | 6/39 (15) |  |
 Non-smoker | 76/103 (74) | 33/39 (85) |  | 76/103 (74) | 77/103 (75) |  | 77/103 (75) | 33/39 (85) |  |
Phase of menstrual cycle, n/N (%) | Â | Â | 0.6472 | Â | Â | 0.4655 | Â | Â | 0.5388 |
 Luteal | 55/103 (53) | 23/39 (58) |  | 55/103 (53) | 50/103 (48) |  | 50/103 (48) | 23/39 (58) |  |
 Follicular | 38/103 (37) | 14/39 (36) |  | 38/103 (37) | 46/103 (46) |  | 46/103 (46) | 14/39 (36) |  |
 Unknown | 10/103 (10) | 2/39 (5) |  | 10/103 (10) | 7/103 (7) |  | 7/103 (7) | 2/39 (5) |  |
Contraception, n/N (%) | Â | Â | 0.7316 | Â | Â | 0.9982 | Â | Â | 0.6958 |
 Nil | 35/103 (34) | 19/39 (49) |  | 35/103 (34) | 34/103 (33) |  | 34/103 (33) | 19/39 (49) |  |
 Condoms | 17/103 (16) | 5/39 (13) |  | 17/103 (16) | 18/103 (17) |  | 18/103 (17) | 5/39 (13) |  |
 COCP | 37/103 (36) | 12/39 (31) |  | 37/103 (36) | 37/103 (36) |  | 37/103 (36) | 12/39 (31) |  |
 POP | 5/103 (5) | 1/39 (2) |  | 5/103 (5) | 5/103 (5) |  | 5/103 (5) | 1/39 (2) |  |
 Copper IUD | 2/103 (2) | 0/39 (0) |  | 2/103 (2) | 1/103 (1) |  | 1/103 (1) | 0/39 (0) |  |
 Mirena IUS | 5/103 (5) | 1/39 (2) |  | 5/103 (5) | 6/103 (6) |  | 6/103 (6) | 1/39 (2) |  |
 Contraceptive implant | 2/103 (2) | 1/39 (2) |  | 2/103 (2) | 2/103 (2) |  | 2/103 (2) | 1/39 (2) |  |
Time since last intercourse, n/N (%) |  |  | 0.7684 |  |  | > 0.9999 |  |  | 0.7684 |
 > 48 h | 92/103 (89) | 34/39 (87) |  | 92/103 (89) | 92/103 (89) |  | 92/103 (89) | 34/39 (87) |  |
 < 48 h | 11/103 (11) | 5/39 (13) |  | 11/103 (11) | 11/103 (11) |  | 11/103 (11) | 5/39 (13) |  |
HPV status |  |  | – | – |  | – | – |  | – |
 Negative | – | – |  | – | – |  | 82/103 (80) | 23/39 (59) |  |
 Positive | – | – |  | – | – |  | 21/103 (20) | 12/39 (31) |  |
 Unknown | – | – |  | – | – |  | 0/103 (0) | 4/39 (10) |  |
Cytology | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Negative | – | – |  | – | – |  | 81/103 (79) | 39/39 (100) |  |
 Borderline nuclear changes | – | – |  | – | – |  | 17/103 (16) | 0/39 (0) |  |
 LSIL | – | – |  | – | – |  | 3/103 (3) | 0/39 (0) |  |
 HSIL | – | – |  | – | – |  | 2/103 (2) | 0/39 (0) |  |
Cytology and HPV status |  |  | – | – |  | – | – |  | – |
 Normal, HPV-ve | – | – |  | – | – |  | 70/103 (69) | 23/39 (59) |  |
 Normal, HPV+ve | – | – |  | – | – |  | 11/103 (10) | 12/39 (31) |  |
 Normal, HPV status unknown | – | – |  | – | – |  | 0/103 (0) | 4/39 (10) |  |
 BNC, HPV-ve | – | – |  | – | 12/103 (11) |  | 12/103 (11) | 0/39 (0) |  |
 BNC, HPV+ve | – | – |  | – | 5/103 (5) |  | 5/103 (5) | 0/39 (0) |  |
 LSIL, HPV-ve | – | – |  | – | 0/103 (0) |  | 0/103 (0) | 0/39 (0) |  |
 LSIL, HPV+ve | – | – |  | – | 3/103 (3) |  | 3/103 (3) | 0/39 (0) |  |
 HSIL | – | – |  | – | 2/103 (2) |  | 2/103 (2) | 0/39 (0) |  |