Fig. 6

Amount of variation in changes of clinical indices explained by baseline gut microbiota. The bar graph shows the estimated R² in Random Forest (RF) and stepwise regressions. The error bars show 95% confidence intervals from repeated cross-validation of the random forests to predict the delta (post–pre-LED) clinical indices. In both regression models, the adjusted model includes demographic variables (age, gender and ethnicity) in addition to microbiota features. The unadjusted model is included as a contrast to showcase the predictive power of gut microbiota features for specific clinical indices without conflating the information related to host clinical characteristics