Category | Clinical factor (abbreviation) | SDa | OR (95% CI) per SD incrementb | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
East Asian | European | Meta-analysis | |||
Cardiometabolic | Height | 9.3 cm | 0.86 (0.81, 0.92) | 0.85 (0.81, 0.88) | 0.85 (0.82, 0.88) |
Body mass index (BMI) | 4.8 kg/m2 | 1.67 (1.48, 1.89) | 1.38 (1.29, 1.47) | 1.44 (1.36, 1.53) | |
Fasting glucose (FG) | 21.82 mg/dL | 1.41 (1.20, 1.67) | 1.17 (1.05, 1.30) | 1.23 (1.13, 1.35) | |
Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) | 0.60% | 1.37 (1.24, 1.52) | 1.21 (1.12, 1.30) | 1.26 (1.19, 1.34) | |
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) | - | 1.13 (1.08, 1.19) | 1.08 (1.05, 1.12) | 1.10 (1.07, 1.13) | |
High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) | 14.80 mg/dL | 0.89 (0.78, 1.02) | 0.89 (0.80, 0.99) | 0.89 (0.82, 0.97) | |
Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) | 33.63 mg/dL | 1.77 (1.50, 2.09) | 1.82 (1.61, 2.06) | 1.80 (1.63, 1.99) | |
Triglyceride (TG) | 90.68 mg/dL | 1.44 (1.08, 1.92) | 1.27 (1.03, 1.57) | 1.32 (1.12, 1.57) | |
Total cholesterol (TC) | 44.21 mg/dL | 1.67 (1.37, 2.04) | 1.25 (1.10, 1.41) | 1.35 (1.21, 1.50) | |
Systolic blood pressure (SBP) | 18.67 mmHg | 1.68 (1.36, 2.08) | 1.96 (1.70, 2.26) | 1.87 (1.66, 2.10) | |
Diastolic blood pressure (DBP) | 10.14 mmHg | 1.79 (1.44, 2.24) | 1.85 (1.55, 2.21) | 1.83 (1.59, 2.10) | |
C-reactive protein (CRP) | 0.44 mg/dL | 1.16 (0.83, 1.64) | 1.02 (0.92, 1.14) | 1.03 (0.94, 1.14) | |
Hematological | White blood cell count (WBC) | 2134.64/μL | 0.94 (0.81, 1.07) | 1.00 (0.93, 1.07) | 0.98 (0.92, 1.05) |
Lymphocyte count (Lym) | 1191.27/μL | 0.84 (0.67, 1.05) | 1.05 (0.97, 1.14) | 1.02 (0.95, 1.10) | |
Monocyte count (Mono) | 276.57/μL | 1.31 (1.07, 1.59) | 1.01 (0.94, 1.08) | 1.04 (0.97, 1.11) | |
Neutrophil count (Neutro) | 1416.78/μL | 0.97 (0.86, 1.11) | 1.02 (0.93, 1.12) | 1.01 (0.93, 1.08) | |
Eosinophil count (Eosino) | 136.22/μL | 0.96 (0.89, 1.04) | 0.95 (0.87, 1.05) | 0.96 (0.90, 1.02) | |
Basophil count (Baso) | 51.73/μL | 1.06 (0.76, 1.47) | 1.17 (0.68, 1.99) | 1.08 (0.82, 1.44) | |
Platelet count (Plt) | 5.99×104/μL | 0.95 (0.88, 1.02) | 1.04 (0.99, 1.09) | 1.01 (0.97, 1.05) | |
Red blood cell count (RBC) | 40.94×104/μL | 1.21 (1.10, 1.33) | 1.06 (0.98, 1.16) | 1.12 (1.06, 1.20) | |
Mean corpuscular volume (MCV) | 4.41 fL | 0.98 (0.92, 1.04) | 0.98 (0.93, 1.03) | 0.98 (0.94, 1.02) | |
Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) | 1.84 pg | 0.98 (0.91, 1.05) | 0.98 (0.92, 1.03) | 0.98 (0.93, 1.02) | |
Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) | 1.07% | 0.99 (0.81, 1.21) | 0.81 (0.66, 1.00) | 0.90 (0.78, 1.04) | |
Hemoglobin (Hb) | 1.23 g/dL | 1.28 (1.11, 1.47) | 1.16 (1.03, 1.32) | 1.22 (1.11, 1.34) | |
Hematocrit (Ht) | 3.53% | 1.31 (1.16, 1.48) | 1.22 (1.09, 1.38) | 1.27 (1.16, 1.38) | |
Hepatic function | Total bilirubin (TBil) | 0.26 mg/dL | 1.03 (0.98, 1.08) | 0.99 (0.94, 1.04) | 1.01 (0.97, 1.04) |
Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) | 10.60 IU/L | 0.99 (0.76, 1.29) | 1.03 (0.92, 1.14) | 1.02 (0.92, 1.13) | |
Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) | 14.16 IU/L | 0.69 (0.47, 1.04) | 0.96 (0.75, 1.23) | 0.88 (0.71, 1.08) | |
Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) | 26.45 IU/L | 0.99 (0.88, 1.12) | 1.04 (0.96, 1.12) | 1.02 (0.96, 1.09) | |
γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT) | 42.18 IU/L | 1.14 (0.95, 1.37) | 1.08 (1.00, 1.16) | 1.09 (1.01, 1.17) | |
Total protein (TP) | 0.40 g/dL | 1.07 (0.97, 1.18) | 1.03 (0.94, 1.14) | 1.05 (0.98, 1.13) | |
Serum albumin (Alb) | 0.26 g/dL | 1.19 (1.02, 1.39) | 1.14 (0.99, 1.32) | 1.17 (1.05, 1.29) | |
Renal function | Serum creatinine (sCr) | 0.20 mg/dL | 1.21 (1.07, 1.36) | 0.93 (0.84, 1.02) | 1.02 (0.95, 1.10) |
Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) | 3.90 mg/dL | 1.13 (1.00, 1.28) | 0.99 (0.88, 1.11) | 1.06 (0.97, 1.15) | |
Uric acid (UA) | 1.35 mg/dL | 1.27 (1.13, 1.42) | 1.02 (0.93, 1.11) | 1.11 (1.03, 1.19) | |
Electrolyte | Calcium (Ca) | 0.38 mg/dL | 1.01 (0.89, 1.16) | 0.98 (0.87, 1.11) | 1.00 (0.91, 1.09) |
Phosphorus (P) | 0.50 mg/dL | 0.91 (0.79, 1.05) | 1.02 (0.90, 1.15) | 0.97 (0.88, 1.07) |