Fig. 1

Clinical and genetic characteristics of telomere maintenance mechanism (TMM) groups in gliomas. T, telomerase activation; A, alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT); B, both; N, negative. a The frequency of TMM groups among 412 glioma patients of all ages. The subdistribution of World Health Organization (WHO) classification grades (I~IV) of glioma among TMMs and vice versa are shown. b The age distribution of glioma patients in the TMM groups (ANOVA with Bonferroni correction T test; *p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001). c Landscape of TMM profiles and selected genetic and clinical characteristics and survival duration in all glioma patients, ordered by patient age. Boxplots indicate the median value, interquartile range, and standard deviation of the age distribution in a given condition. GBM, glioblastoma; GS, gliosarcoma; DMG, diffuse midline glioma; AA, anaplastic astrocytoma; A, astrocytoma; AODG, anaplastic oligodendroglioma; ODG, oligodendroglioma; PA, pilocytic astrocytoma; PXA, pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma; SEGA, subependymal giant cell astrocytoma. d The distribution of major genetic signatures in gliomas among TMM groups and the associated correlogram. The color intensity and the size of the circle are proportional to the correlation coefficients and the amount of the cell contribution, respectively. Positive correlations are shown in blue, while negative correlations are shown in red (Pearson residuals, chi-squared = 49.026, df = 15, p < 0.001)