Fig. 2
From: Clinical implications of host genetic variation and susceptibility to severe or critical COVID-19
Clinical screening criteria for the implementation of genetic testing to discover rare host genetic factors predisposing to severe/critical COVID-19 or MIS-C. This flowchart proposes genetic screening criteria and a strategy for genetic testing in patients with severe forms of COVID-19 that are suspected of having an underlying IEI. aThe diagnostic clinical criteria for severe or critical COVID-19 have been defined according to the WHO definition [133]. bRisk factors that have been associated with severe or critical COVID-19 include chronic comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity (BMI ≥30kg/m2), heart failure, chronic lung disease and chronic kidney disease. cThe diagnostic clinical criteria for MIS-C have been defined according to the CDC case definition [134]. dThe in silico IEI gene panel should contain the genes listed by the most recent update of the International Union for Immunological Societies [67]