Fig. 6

Prediction of therapeutic outcome by PSA in the IMmotion151 and JAVELIN Renal 101 trials. A, B Principal component analysis (PCA) using expression of 174 signature genes identified 341 of 823 samples and 407 of 726 samples as heterogeneous tumors in the IMmotion151 and of the JAVELIN Renal 101 trials, respectively. Here, tumors with maximum PSA value below 95% were considered as potential heterogeneous. Their molecular subtype is visualized by pie charts (enlarged symbols). Samples with non-significant PSA (\({P}_{psa}>0.05\)) are displayed by shaded pie charts with gray borders (IMmotion151 n = 23; JAVELIN Renal 101 n = 12). C–F Kaplan–Meier curves of progression-free survival (PFS) are shown for PD-L1-positive tumors in both cohorts with a ccRCC proportion of at least (C, D) or less (E, F) than 95% based on PSA. Cox regression analysis was used to determine P-values (log-rank test) and HR of checkpoint inhibition with tyrosine-kinase inhibition versus sunitinib, respectively