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Table 1 Valid disease state combinations and corresponding weighting factors for estimating disease state rates

From: Calculating variant penetrance from family history of disease and average family size in population-scale data

Variant frequencies provided

Required weighting factors

Familial (\({M}_{F}\)),

Sporadic (\({M}_{S}\))

\({W}_{F}=P\left(F|A\right)\),

\({W}_{S}=P(S|A)\)

Familial (\({M}_{F}\)),

Unaffected (\({M}_{U}\))

\({W}_{F}=P(F|A)\times P{\left(A\right)}^{pop}\),

\({W}_{U}=1-P{\left(A\right)}^{pop}\)

Sporadic (\({M}_{S}\)),

Unaffected (\({M}_{U}\))

\({W}_{S}=P\left(S|A\right)\times P{\left(A\right)}^{pop}\),

\({W}_{U} =1-P{\left(A\right)}^{pop}\)

Familial (\({M}_{F}\)),

Sporadic (\({M}_{S}\)),

Unaffected (\({M}_{U}\))

\({W}_{F}=P(F|A)\times P{\left(A\right)}^{pop}\),

\({W}_{S}=P(S|A)\times P{\left(A\right)}^{pop}\),

\({W}_{U}=1-P{\left(A\right)}^{pop}\)

Affected (\({M}_{A}\)),

Unaffected (\({M}_{U}\))

\({W}_{A}=P{\left(A\right)}^{pop}\),

\({W}_{U}=1-P{\left(A\right)}^{pop}\)

  1. The defined weighting factors are used in Step 1 of the penetrance estimation approach, as described in Fig. 1 and Additional File 1: Sect. 1.1\(M_{F,S,U,A}\)= variant frequencies in the familial, sporadic, unaffected, and affected states;\(W_{F,S,U,A}\)= weighting factors for the familial, sporadic, unaffected, and affected states;\(P{\left(A\right)}^{pop}\)= the probability of a member of the sampled population being affected;\(P(F|A)\)= disease familiality rate;\(P(S|A)\)= disease sporadic rate