Fig. 4
From: Sex differences in the polygenic architecture of hearing problems in adults
Visual representation of the 22 Bonferroni-significant putative causal effects identified through the latent causal variable analysis. Brown labels: HP has causative effect on the trait in the label. Purple labels: Trait in the label has causative effect on HP. The absolute gcp (genetic causality proportion) value for each association is reported within the arrow, and the directions refer to the cause-effect relationship (Blue: HP causes Trait; Red: Trait causes HP). The shade intensity of the arrows is proportional to the statistical significance (i.e., − log10(p-value)) of the gcp estimates. A description of each trait and details of the associations are available in Additional file 1: Table S20