Figure 2From: What lies behind serum urate concentration? Insights from genetic and genomic studiesSchematic representation of the interaction between PDZ proteins and urate transporters at the apical membrane of the proximal tubule. PDZK1 binds another PDZ protein, Na+/H+ exchanger regulatory factor 1 (NHERF1). NHERF1 contains two tandem PDZ domains and a carboxy-terminal domain that binds members of the ERM (ezrin-radixin-moesin) family of membrane-cytoskeletal adaptors. The carboxyl terminus of URAT1, OAT4, and NPT1 binds with PDZK1 [81]. URAT1 interacts with PDZK1 via PDZ domains 1, 2, and 4, while OAT4 interacts with PDZ domains 1 and 4 [56, 57]. OAT4, NPT1, and MRP4 also bind NHERF1 [82, 83]. Abbreviations: MRP4, multidrug resistance protein 4; NHERF, Na+/H+ exchanger regulatory factor; NPT1, sodium-dependent phosphate transport protein 1; OAT, organic anion transporter; URAT1, urate transporter 1.Back to article page