Table 1 Types of DTC genetic tests
Types of DTC genetic tests | Definition of testing | |
|---|---|---|
Health-related | Singe-gene disorders (diagnostic, pre-symptomatic, or carrier testing) | Tests intended for diagnostic, pre-symptomatic or carrier status purposes. Examples include tests for cystic fibrosis, sickle cell anemia, Tay-Sachs disease, BRCA mutations, phenylketonuria, and fanconi anemia |
| Â | Drug-response (pharmacogenomics) | Tests that predict an individual's response to drugs such as warfarin, Abacavir, clopidogrel, and fluorouracil |
| Â | Disease susceptibility or progression | Tests that estimate the absolute or relative risk of complex disorders such as diabetes, Alzheimer's, coronary artery disease, cancer, lupus, and psoriasis. Tests for susceptibility to and/or progression of infectious and vector-borne diseases (for example, malaria, HIV/AIDs, leprosy or norovirus) |
| Â | Nutrigenomics | Tests that estimate an individuals' response to specific nutrients on the basis of their genotype |
Non-health related | Ancestry | Tests intended to provide information on an individual's genetic ancestry and geographical origins |
| Â | Genetic-relatedness | Tests that determine the biological relatedness between individuals, such as paternity or maternity testing |
| Â | Non-health-related traits | Tests intended to provide information on phenotypic traits such as ear-wax type, hair curl, and eye curl, as well as athletic performance, artistic performance, cognitive and personality traits |