Table 1 Clinical characteristics and general demographic parameters of study participants
PD | Control | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
Demographics | |||
n | 31 | 28 | |
Age (years, mean ± SD) | 64.8 ± 9.5 | 65.6 ± 10.4 | 0.970 |
Clinical data | |||
UPDRS III (mean ± SD) | 12.6 ± 6.9 | 0 ± 0 | <0.001 |
GIT symptoms incl. constipation (GSRS, mean ± SD) | 3.4 ± 2.9 | 2.2 ± 2.0 | 0.172 |
Total serum bilirubin | 0.23 ± 0.03 | 0.23 ± 0.03 | 0.593 |
Nutritional habits | |||
Diet | |||
Omnivorous | 30 [96.8%] | 28 [100%] | |
Vegetarian | 1 [3.2%] | 0 [0%] | |
Probiotics | 4 [12.9%] | 1 [3.6%] | |
Medication | |||
Amantadine | 26 [83.9%] | 0 [0%] | |
Dopamine agonist | 11 [35.5%] | 0 [0%] | |
MAO inhibitor | 28 [90.3%] | 0 [0%] | |
L-DOPA | 0 [0%] | 0 [0%] | |
Statin intake | 1 [3.2%] | 11 [39.3%] | |
Metformin | 1 [3.2%] | 3 [10.7%] | |
Acetylsalicylic acid | 2 [6.5%] | 7 [25.0%] | |
Smoking | |||
No | 10 [32.3%] | 9 [32.1%] | |
Yes | 5 [16.1%] | 4 [14.3%] | |
Ex-smoker | 15 [48.4%] | 15 [53.6%] | |