| |
PD
|
Control
|
P value
|
|---|
|
Demographics
|
|
n
|
31
|
28
| |
|
Age (years, mean ± SD)
|
64.8 ± 9.5
|
65.6 ± 10.4
|
0.970
|
|
Clinical data
|
|
UPDRS III (mean ± SD)
|
12.6 ± 6.9
|
0 ± 0
|
<0.001
|
|
GIT symptoms incl. constipation (GSRS, mean ± SD)
|
3.4 ± 2.9
|
2.2 ± 2.0
|
0.172
|
|
Total serum bilirubin
|
0.23 ± 0.03
|
0.23 ± 0.03
|
0.593
|
|
Nutritional habits
|
|
Diet
|
|
Omnivorous
|
30 [96.8%]
|
28 [100%]
| |
|
Vegetarian
|
1 [3.2%]
|
0 [0%]
| |
|
Probiotics
|
4 [12.9%]
|
1 [3.6%]
| |
|
Medication
|
|
Amantadine
|
26 [83.9%]
|
0 [0%]
| |
|
Dopamine agonist
|
11 [35.5%]
|
0 [0%]
| |
|
MAO inhibitor
|
28 [90.3%]
|
0 [0%]
| |
|
L-DOPA
|
0 [0%]
|
0 [0%]
| |
|
Statin intake
|
1 [3.2%]
|
11 [39.3%]
| |
|
Metformin
|
1 [3.2%]
|
3 [10.7%]
| |
|
Acetylsalicylic acid
|
2 [6.5%]
|
7 [25.0%]
| |
|
Smoking
|
|
No
|
10 [32.3%]
|
9 [32.1%]
| |
|
Yes
|
5 [16.1%]
|
4 [14.3%]
| |
|
Ex-smoker
|
15 [48.4%]
|
15 [53.6%]
| |
-
UPDRS Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale, GIT gastrointestinal, GSRS Gastrointestinal Symptoms Rating Scale, MAO monoamine oxidase, L-DOPA Levodopa
