Fig. 1
From: The paradox of cancer genes in non-malignant conditions: implications for precision medicine
Examples of reverse clonal selection. Aberrant cancer drivers that are paradoxically more frequent in benign or premalignant counterparts than they are in the malignant condition. BRAF mutations included V600E [3, 4, 8, 117,118,119,120] and HER2 overexpression [121,122,123]. FGFR3 mutations included R248C, S249C, and G372C [124,125,126]. JAK2 mutations included V617F [127,128,129]. % given is the percentage of cases in which there are alterations (e.g., 70–88% of melanocytic nevi have BRAF mutations)