Fig. 4
From: Dietary fiber intake, the gut microbiome, and chronic systemic inflammation in a cohort of adult men
CAZy and dietary fiber intake. A Significant associations between recent and long-term dietary fiber and CAZy DNA abundances using multivariate linear association testing (see the “Methods” section, Additional file 2: Table S5). Comparisons used fiber assessed as recent intake using both 7-day dietary records and long-term cumulative averages from Food Frequency Questionnaires over 1986–2010. Models were adjusted for age, recent antibiotics, and total calorie intake. B Abundances of metagenomes and metatranscriptomes of polysaccharide lyase family 9 (PL9), glycoside hydrolase family 29 (GH29), and carbohydrate-binding module family 13 (CBM13) by contributing species and samples, with species ranked by mean relative abundance, and samples ranked by pectin intake. We included 925 metagenomes and 341 metatranscriptomes in this analysis. A total of 84 CAZys metagenomically associated with dietary fiber in particular pectin and fruit fiber. Positive associations were observed particularly for several CAZy DNA and RNA/DNA ratios contributed by Clostridiales species