Table 2 Associations of circulating cytokines and hormones with insulin sensitivity (HOMA-S), β-cell function (HOMA-B) and T2D
Cytokine/hormone | HOMA-S | HOMA-B | T2D | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
β (95% CI) | P-value | β (95% CI) | P-value | OR (95% CI) | P-value | |
Adipsin | − 0.16 (− 0.20, − 0.11) | 1.07 × 10−13 | 0.13 (0.09, 0.17) | 3.95 × 10−10 | 0.95 (0.89, 1.02) | 0.138 |
Leptin | − 0.30 (− 0.34, − 0.25) | 1.84 × 10−35 | 0.27 (0.22, 0.31) | 7.94 × 10−29 | 0.95 (0.87, 1.03) | 0.245 |
Visfatin | − 0.06 (− 0.10, − 0.03) | 1.04 × 10−3 | 0.07 (0.03, 0.11) | 5.28 × 10−4 | 1.01 (0.95, 1.08) | 0.610 |
PAI-1 | − 0.13 (− 0.17, − 0.09) | 1.74 × 10−10 | 0.12 (0.08, 0.16) | 1.39 × 10−9 | 1.05 (0.99, 1.12) | 0.089 |
GIP | − 0.16 (− 0.20, − 0.12) | 2.27 × 10−16 | 0.13 (0.10, 0.17) | 6.61 × 10−12 | 1.56 (1.46, 1.67) | 6.37 × 10−38 |
GLP-1 | − 0.02 (− 0.06, 0.02) | 0.421 | 0.03 (− 0.01, 0.07) | 0.140 | 1.07 (1.01, 1.14) | 0.034 |
Ghrelin | − 0.08 (− 0.12, −0.04) | 5.25 × 10−5 | 0.07 (0.02, 0.10) | 2.11 × 10−3 | 1.02 (0.96, 1.09) | 0.471 |
Resistin | 0.07 (0.03, 0.11) | 2.71 × 10−4 | − 0.08 (− 0.12, − 0.04) | 3.23 × 10−5 | 1.03 (0.97, 1.10) | 0.298 |
IL-6 | − 0.04 (− 0.10, 0.021) | 0.226 | 0.03 (− 0.04, 0.09) | 0.430 | 0.91 (0.80, 1.02) | 0.115 |
IL-10 | 0.11 (0.05, 0.17) | 4.26 × 10−4 | − 0.08 (− 0.15, − 0.02) | 0.011 | 0.82 (0.70, 0.97) | 0.019 |
IL-1RA | − 0.19 (− 0.26, − 0.13) | 1.06 × 10−8 | 0.15 (0.09, 0.22) | 4.92 × 10−6 | 1.34 (1.17, 1.52) | 1.03 × 10−5 |