Fig. 1

A Schematic of sample biobanking and processing: A transverse section of the prostate was systematically sampled as 5-mm diameter × 5-mm-thick punches to obtain samples from different regions of the prostate. In addition, samples were collected from the seminal vesicles and local lymph nodes. Punches histologically confirmed to contain tumour cells by H&E staining of intermittent sections, selected histologically normal regions, seminal vesicle and lymph node samples were sequenced over the whole genome. SNVs and CNAs calculated from the WGS data were used to infer the phylogenetic structure of the tumours. B Depiction of phylogenetic trees as sunburst plots and determination of evolutionary routes: subclones identified in a sample are depicted as concentric circles/arcs, with the ancestral clone at the centre and each subsequent outer level representing a daughter clone. Multiple subclones at a given level indicate branches on the phylogenetic tree and hence that they are subclonal (cancer cell fraction < 1). Given two adjacent samples, e.g. sample 1 and sample 2, the tumour in sample 1 is inferred to give rise to sample 2 as the cancer cell fraction of clone J increased from 0.26 in the former to 1.00 in the latter