Fig. 5

Overview of resistomes of faeces donors and faecal microbiota transplantation recipients. A Principal component analysis (PCA) of resistomes, based on Aitchison distances. Percentages on the X- and Y-axis represent the variance explained by the first two components. B Aitchison distance from patient antibiotic resistance gene profiles to corresponding donor. C–F Antibiotic gene richness, total abundance, Shannon index and Simpson evenness compared between groups and between recipient timepoints, respectively. Asterisks indicate statistically significant differences, *: p < 0.05; **: p < 0.01; ***: p < 0.001; ****: p < 0.0001. FMT: faecal microbiota transplantation, LTFU: long-term follow-up