Fig. 4

Pathway analysis and contribution to risk. a Comparison of geneset metascore (average vst-normalized gene expression; see the ‘Methods’ section) over smoking status for 4 immune-related GO terms in healthy (dashed line, triangles dot) and clinic subjects (plain line, round dot). b Correlation between the population or clinic risk score and geneset metascore for the 8 gene sets representing biological functions altered by smoking; spearman correlation is shown separately for current and former smokers (> 12 months); Spearman correlation values are reported (blue = positive correlation, red = negative correlation), as well as the associated p-values (*P ≤ 0.05, **P ≤ 0.01, ***P ≤ 0.001)