Fig. 4

Effects of glial overexpression of TREM2/TYROBP on Aβ42 levels, Aβ42-mediated neurodegeneration, and Aβ42-induced behavioral deficits. a Western blotting of detergent-soluble (RIPA) and -insoluble/formic acid (FA) fractions from fly head lysates with neuronal expression of Aβ42 alone (Aβ42), neuronal expression of Aβ42 and glial expression of TREM2^WT/TYROBP (Aβ42/TREM2^WT/TYROBP), and neuronal expression of Aβ42 and glial expression of TREM2^R47H/TYROBP (Aβ42/TREM2^R47H/TYROBP) with anti-Aβ antibody. Tubulin was used as a loading control. b Courtship-conditioning assay. Courtship index values are represented by box plot. Performance indexes were calculated from courtship indexes. n = 67–80, ***p < 0.001, naïve vs conditioned by Mann–Whitney U test. Genotypes of flies are described in Additional file 2: Table S1. c Brain sections of flies with neuronal expression of Aβ42 alone (Aβ42), neuronal expression of Aβ42 and glial expression of TREM2^WT/TYROBP (Aβ42/TREM2^WT/TYROBP), and neuronal expression of Aβ42 and glial expression of TREM2^R47H/TYROBP (Aβ42/TREM2^R47H/TYROBP). Cell body regions (top) and neuropil regions (middle) of flies are shown. Control; Repo-LexA driver alone. Percentages of vacuole areas (indicated by arrows) in fly cortices are shown at the bottom. Scale bar: 100 μm. Mean ± SEM, n = 9–12 hemispheres. d Climbing assay. Average percentages of flies that climbed to the top (white) or middle (light gray), or stayed at the bottom (dark gray), of the vials. Ages (days after eclosion) are indicated on the top of the graph. Percentages of flies that stayed at the bottom were subjected to statistical analyses. Mean ± SEM, n = 5, *p < 0.05 by Student’s t-test